Morinda citrifolia (Noni): A comprehensive review\ud on its industrial uses, pharmacological activities,\ud and clinical trials

摘要

Traditional medical practitioners in Hawaii and Polynesia have used Morinda citrifolia\udL. (Noni) for centuries to cure or prevent varieties of illnesses. The popularity of M. citrifolia as\uda dietary supplement, a food functional ingredient, or as a natural health enhancer is increasing\udthroughout the world. M. citrifolia contains phytochemicals that own antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal,\udantitumor, anthelminthic, analgesic, hypotensive, anti-inflammatory and immune enhancing\udeffects. Moreover, the increasing vogue of M. citrifolia has attracted industries to employ it as a part\udof various products and for wide applications such as a natural source of medicines and chemical\udreagents as well as a green insecticidal. The wide spread of M. citrifolia in tropical climate of the\udglobe, from USA to Brazil reaching to Tahiti, Malaysia and Australia, contributed in enriching\udits uses and potentials due to the variation in harvest locations. M. citrifolia parts including fruits,\udseeds, barks, leaves, and flowers are utilized on their own for individual nutritional and therapeutical\udvalues, however, the fruit is considered to contain the most valuable chemical compounds. This\udreview discusses in details the industrial uses and the pharmacological activities of M. citrifolia fruit,\udseed, leaf and root, along with their isolated phytochemical compounds, through describing the\udconducted in vitro and in vivo studies as well as clinical data.